Why Mountain Lion Encounters With People Are Increasing

One 12 months in the past, mountain lions killed over half a dozen canine close to a single city in Colorado, in simply 30 days. Residents known as native legislation enforcement and pleaded with the Colorado Parks and Wildlife Service to intervene. One household reported two grownup cougars seemingly casing their dwelling, stalking their horses and ponies. In Could of 2023, in Arizona, a trio of mountain lions had been killed after being deemed answerable for one other string of pet deaths. In Utah, sights in in city areas have gotten more and more widespread, too.

Throughout the American Midwest, people are more and more encountering massive wildcats, elevating questions on whether or not we’re guilty and the way we will safely coexist. Mountain lion encounters are nothing new, although. People have often come across lions alongside mountaineering trails, round campsites and, extra lately, alongside the sides of recent city sprawls butted up in opposition to untouched wilderness.

Though often evasive to people, mountain lions — also known as pumas, panthers, or cougars, relying on the locale — aren’t unusual creatures. If unconfirmed sightings are be believed, they’re endemic to 49 of America’s 50 states. However it’s within the coronary heart of the Midwest the place populations flourish: It’s estimated that between 4,000 and seven,000 lions dwell in Colorado alone. California, Oregon, and Montana share comparable numbers, with tens of hundreds extra collectively inhabiting a variety spanning from New Mexico and Arizona to Washington.

Worryingly, although, are the frequency with which lions are being noticed in developed areas. Sightings in Los Angeles and neighboring city facilities have elevated considerably within the final 5 years, prompting the California Division of Fish & Wildlife to being a sturdy monitoring program, in an effort to plot the cats’ actions.

An grownup male lion is fitted with a monitoring collar in California to review the cat’s actions. Picture courtesy Nationwide Park Service, Santa Monica.

Nationwide Park Service scientists have tagged and adopted greater than 100 lions since 2002. They hope to raised perceive the cats’ journey and territorial bounds. With this analysis, they goal to deconflict encounters with people by informing the general public of the place encounters are most probably, and defend the species by means of habitat preservation. The trouble has already produced significant insights, with the development of the Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing throughout the 101 Freeway — a migratory mountain lion passage geared toward lowering contact alongside one of many west coast’s largest roadworks — set to open in 2025.

Picture courtesy Nationwide Park Service, Santa Monica

For conservationists, the lion crossing can’t open quickly sufficient. Knowledge collected and compiled from the final 20 years’ value of monitoring lions paints a transparent image of simply how shut huge cats dwell to human settlements. Every dot within the map above, introduced by the Nationwide Park Service in California, represents a unique mountain lion. A transparent path lions usually journey will be drawn from the Rocky Peak Park and East and Rice Canyon areas, down by means of Bell Canyon, which sits adjoining to main city zones like Thousand Oaks and the San Fernando Valley, and into the Santa Monica Mountains Nationwide Recreation Space and Level Mugu and Topanga State Parks.

Lowering encounters between mountain lions and people will solely develop into a extra urgent matter, biologists say, because the inhabitants of American cougars has, in actual fact, been steadily rising. That’s partly because of the rules handed within the Nineteen Sixties and Seventies, which govern cougar hunts. A decade later, efforts had been made to preserve migrating deer and elk populations within the Midwest, which elevated the cats’ foot supply.

“From the 60s till now, you’ve had a gradual development of conservation benchmarks which have introduced us to the distribution of mountain lions within the west,” mentioned Jim Williams, regional director for the Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks Division.

People merely gravitate to the identical habitats as mountain lions, too, in keeping with Williams. As folks transfer to the Midwest from the east and west coasts — Colorado and Utah, specifically, have seen explosive inhabitants development within the final 5 years — they’ve been positioned “proper smack dab in the course of mountain lion habitat,” Williams mentioned. “It’s a wonderful place to dwell, however now you need to dwell with the mountain lions.”

Within the absence of grownup males, youthful mountain lions encounter people extra usually. Picture courtesy Nationwide Park Service, Santa Monica

And, as seen through the Covid-19 pandemic, Individuals have more and more engaged in out of doors recreation. Up to now fifty years, campgrounds and mountaineering trails have grown in quantity, rising the possibilities folks encounter widllife — mountains lions included.

Searching mountain lions has additionally, maybe counterintuitively, contributed to encounters with folks. With restricted tags accessible throughout restrictive seasons, hunters usually pursue prize cats, usually massive grownup males. However for each patriarch lion killed, two or three juveniles or youthful lions encroach on the vacated territory. “For each massive resident male killed, two or three younger guys got here to the funeral,” mentioned Dr. Robert Wielgus, former director of the Giant Carnivore Conservation Lab at Washington State College. “These younger cougars had been answerable for elevated complaints.”

As a result of youthful cats aren’t as adept at looking and taking pure prey, they usually pursue simpler meals — they usually additionally mistake people and pets as potential meals. Its these juvenile lions superseding hunted adults which might be usually discovered attacking canine, cats, and livestock close to human settlements. Wielgus additionally argues that decreased looking ends in decreased immigration of lions, and fewer reviews of encounters with folks.

“So, mainly, what we discovered was that elevated looking was inflicting the issues, and decreased looking solved the issue,” Wielgus mentioned. However too little looking can even contribute to higher inhabitants development and extra encounters. The problem is discovering a stability between these conflicting elements.

However regardless of the information, not all states are contemplating this method to mountain lion inhabitants administration. Utah lately handed H. B. 469, a invoice ratified by the state’s legislature to assist conservation efforts of Utah’s wildlife. However simply earlier than its passage, legislators amended the invoice to permit for year-round mountain lion hunts with no species allow required. Now, any Utah hunter with a looking license can hunt and entice lions with out seasonal restrictions. Conservation teams have sued to kill this modification, arguing unrestricted looking may result in the lions’ disappearance from the state — however not earlier than it impacts the cats’ territorial bounds and actions.

Though mountain lion encounters are rising, most run-ins between folks and cats don’t lead to any kind of hazard. Mountain lions are naturally elusive and have a tendency to keep away from people. Massive cats’ aggressive habits is often a warning, or a territorial — or parental, with cubs close by — intuition.

Click on the hyperlink beneath to find out about the right way to keep round mountain lions, and what to do in case you see one.

Travis Olander

Travis is a retired Joint Fires NCO, firearm collector, and long-range shooter with a penchant for outdated militaria. He opinions weapons, knives, tactical equipment, and tenting and mountaineering gear.